Best ACL Treatment In Delhi NCR.

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What is ACL?

A ligament is a strong band of connective tissue that attaches bones to each other, providing stability.

The ACL is one of four major knee ligaments. Along with the posterior cruciate ligament and the medial and lateral collateral ligaments, the ACL helps provide stability for your knee. The ACL is located in front of your knee and, along with your posterior cruciate ligament, it forms a criss- cross shape across the lower surface of your thigh bone and the upper surface of your shin bone to stabilize them.

An anterior cruciate ligament injury is the over-stretching or tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee. A tear may be partial or complete.

When this ligament is stretched or pulled by your leg movements, it can rip. The size of the injury varies from a slight tear of connective tissue fibers to a complete tear and detachment.

What causes ACL injury?
An ACL injury can occur if you:
  • Get hit very hard on the side of your knee, such as during a football tackle
  • Overextending your knee joint
  • Quickly stop moving and change direction while running, landing from a jump, or turning
  • Basketball, football, soccer, and skiing are common sports linked to ACL tears.
  • ACL injuries often occur with other injuries. For example, an ACL tear often occurs along with tears to the MCL and the shock-absorbing cartilage in the knee (meniscus).
  • Most ACL tears occur in the middle of the ligament, or the ligament is pulled off the thigh bone. These injuries form a gap between the torn edges, and do not heal on their own.
Symptoms
  • A “popping” sound at the time of injury
  • Pain, especially when you try to put weight on the injured leg
  • Difficulty in continuing with your sport
  • Feeling of instability
  • Those who have only a mild injury may notice that the knee feels unstable or seems to “give way” when using it.

The signs and symptoms of an ACL injury are not always the same, so it is important to see a doctor you experience any of the following:

  • Knee pain or swelling that lasts more than 48 hours
  • Trouble standing or walking on the affected knee
  • Inability to support your weight on the affected knee
  • A deformed or odd appearance of one side of your knee
  • An ACL tear is diagnosed by a physical examination. You may need an imaging study such as an X-ray to determine whether you also have other injuries (like a bone fracture).
  • With an ACL tear, your joint will be unstable and have a tendency to give out. This can occur when you are participating in sports or even with simple movements like walking or getting into a car.
Diagnosis

Therapist can evaluate the ligaments of your knee with specialized maneuvers that test the stability of your knee, including:

  • Lachman test: The Lachman test is performed to evaluate the forward movement of your tibia (shin bone). By pulling the tibia forward, your healthcare provider can feel for an ACL tear. Your knee is held slightly bent (about 20-30 degrees) and your femur (thigh bone) is stabilized while your tibia is shifted.
  • Drawer test: The Drawer test is performed with your knee held with a 90-degree bend. Your tibia is shifted forward and back to assess your ACL by pulling forward and your PCL is assessed by pushing back.
  • During your physical examination, your leg strength and your other major knee ligaments will also be assessed.Pivot shift maneuver: The pivot shift is difficult to perform in the office, and it is usually more helpful in the operating room under anesthesia. The pivot shift maneuver detects abnormal motion of the knee joint when there is an ACL tear present.

Imaging Tests

  • Keep in mind that while MRI studies can help in diagnosing injuries in and around your knee, an MRI is not always needed to diagnose an ACL tear.

  • You may also need to have an X-ray of your knee, which can identify bone fractures. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study may also be used to determine whether your ligament is torn, whether you have sustained damage to your cartilage, and to look for signs of other associated injuries in the knee.

Grading ACL Tears
  • ACL sprains are graded based on how much the ligament is damaged.
  • A Grade 1 sprain is a minor stretching to the ligament and your knee is still fairly stable.
  • A Grade 2 is a partial ACL tear, with the ligament stretched so much that it is loose and damaged. These are relatively rare.
  • Meanwhile, in the more common Grade 3 sprain, there is a complete tear of the ACL, with the knee joint becoming unstable and surgery almost inevitable if it is to be corrected.
Treatment

Many people who experience an ACL tear start to feel better within a few weeks of the injury. Most people do not need surgery after an ACL tear, especially if the ACL was only partially torn. If you don’t play sports, and if you don’t have an unstable knee, then you may not need ACL surgery.

Physiotherapy-

  • Myofascial Release
  • IASTM
  • Manual therapy
  • ART (Active Release Therapy)
  • MET (Muscle Energy Technique)
  • LASER
  • Shockwave therapy
  • Kinesiology taping, etc.
Surgery?
  • The usual surgery for an ACL tear is called an ACL reconstruction. A repair of the ligament is not usually possible, so the ligament is reconstructed using another tendon or ligament.
  • The are several different approaches to ACL surgery, and your healthcare provider will explain which of these is best for you. For example, several types of graft can be used to reconstruct the torn ACL. Your practitioner can use one of your own ligaments or you can use a donor graft. Typically, using your own ligament results in stronger healing.
  • There are also variations in the procedure, such as the new ‘double-bundle’ ACL reconstruction.
  • Risks of ACL surgery include infection, persistent instability, pain, stiffness, and difficulty returning to your previous level of activity.
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