Poliomyelitis, also known as polio, is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the poliovirus. The virus primarily affects young children, but it can infect people of all ages.
The virus is usually transmitted through contaminated food, water or contact with an infected person's feces. It attacks the nervous system and can cause paralysis or even death in severe cases.
Poliomyelitis, also known as polio, is caused by the poliovirus, which belongs to the family of enteroviruses. The virus is highly contagious and spreads through contact with an infected person's feces, contaminated food or water, or through respiratory droplets expelled when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
Symptoms of polio can range from mild flu-like symptoms to more severe paralysis. The majority of people who are infected with the poliovirus do not experience any symptoms at all.
Although polio is no longer endemic in most parts of the world due to successful vaccination campaigns, it still exists in a few countries. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease
There is no specific cure for polio. Treatment primarily focuses on alleviating the symptoms and providing supportive care to the affected person. Mild cases of polio may not require hospitalization and can be managed with rest, pain relievers, and physiotherapy.
In more severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary, and treatment may involve respiratory support, intravenous fluids, and medication to relieve pain and muscle spasms. Some people with paralysis may require long-term rehabilitation to regain their strength and mobility.
Prevention through vaccination is the most effective way to protect against polio. The World Health Organization recommends routine immunization with the oral polio vaccine (OPV) for all children under the age of 5, as well as mass vaccination campaigns in areas where the disease is still prevalent. Maintaining good hygiene and sanitation practices, such as washing hands regularly and using clean water, can also help prevent the spread of the virus.