-tingling and numbness in hands and feet
-burning sensation
-sharp pain/cramps
-increased sensitivity to touch
The symptoms can be worse at night and eventually lead to
-ulcers and infection in the foot
-impaired fine hand coordination
-mild foot drop or frequent tripping
The exact cause is unknown. It is believed that uncontrolled high blood sugar damages nerves and interferes with their ability to send signals, leading to diabetic neuropathy.
-smoking
-poor glycaemic control
-advanced age
-long duration of Diabetes disease
-heavy alcohol intake
-Diabetic neuropathy can be prevented by controllling your blood sugar and taking care of your feet.
-Foot problems like ulcers and sores can be prevented by checking your feet everyday for blisters, cuts, bruises, cracked and peeling skin, redness and swelling.
-Wash your feet with lukewarm water and mild soap, and dry it thoroughly with a clean towel. Moisturize on dry and cracked areas and avoid the same between your toes.
-While trimming your toe nails, cut straight across and file the edges.
-Wear clean and dry cotton socks (that dont have tight bands)
-Wear cushioned shoes to protect your feet and make sure they fit well and allow your toes to move.
Your physiotherapist will train you in:
-self stretches
-muscle strengthening
-aerobic activity (aiming for 30min 4/wk)
-balance
-walking
You may also be advised to use orthotics incase of carpal tunnel or a foot drop.